2013-08-06theguardian.com

Turkey has successfully completed a trial run of a rail tunnel connecting Istanbul's European and Asian sides, the first of several planned mega-projects in the country's largest city.

The 13.6km (8.5-mile) tunnel, including a 1.4km immersed tube -- the deepest of its kind in the world at 56 metres -- passes under the Bosphorus strait, the busy shipping channel linking the Marmara Sea to the Black Sea.

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The tunnel is part of the larger £3.3bn Marmaray project which also includes an upgrade of suburban railway lines to create a 76km line that, according to the government, will carry 1.5 million people a day across the city's two sides.

A Japanese-Turkish consortium began constructing the tunnel in 2004, with funding coming from the Japan Bank for International Co-operation and the European Investment Bank.



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